[02] Reserve Study by State
HOA reserve study requirements by state.
Some states mandate reserve studies by statute; the rest follow the National Reserve Study Standards (NRSS) by industry practice. Every U.S. state has a 2026 compliance summary below covering the governing statute, required cycle, owner-waiver rules, and the practical consequences of missing a deadline.
States with specific reserve study statutes
Alabama
Ala. Code §35-8A-302(a) — association may budget for reserves (no mandate)
No mandated study cycle; NRSS 3-5 year cycle driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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California
Davis-Stirling §§ 5550, 5570
Full study with visual inspection every 3 years, reviewed annually; disclosure with each annual budget
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Colorado
CCIOA § 38-33.3-209.5
No statutory study cycle for existing associations; declarants must fund a 30-year study before turnover (HB26-1099)
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Connecticut
CIOA § 47-261e
Reserve amount and funding basis disclosed in the annual budget summary; no statutory study cycle
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Delaware
DUCIOA § 81-315
Condo/co-op reserve line item required; reserve study must be current within 5 years or minimum funding percentages apply
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Florida
F.S. § 718.112(2)(g) — SIRS
SIRS every 10 years for condo and cooperative buildings 3+ habitable stories; standard reserves under § 718.112(2)(f) for others
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Hawaii
HRS § 514B-148
Independent review of the reserve study at least every 3 years; 30-year minimum cash-flow projection
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Illinois
765 ILCS 605/9
Reasonable reserves required; reserves disclosed separately in the budget
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Indiana
Ind. Code §32-25-4-4 — mandatory condominium replacement reserve fund
No mandated study cycle; reserve fund required for condominiums by statute; NRSS 3-5 year study cycle recommended
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Kentucky
KRS §381.870 — co-owners must contribute to replacement reserves (Horizontal Property Law)
No mandated study cycle; replacement reserve contributions required by statute for pre-2011 condos; planned-community HOAs governed by the Kentucky Planned Community Act since June 2023; NRSS 3-5 year study cycle recommended
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Maine
Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 33, § 1603-102 (Maine Condominium Act)
UCIOA-aligned; no mandated cycle — bylaw or lender driven
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Maryland
Md. § 11-109.2 / 11B-112.2
Reserve study every 5 years; mandatory funding at the study-recommended level since Oct. 1, 2025
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Massachusetts
MGL c.183A § 10
Reserves required; best-practice study every 3-5 years
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Minnesota
MCIOA § 515B.3-1141
Adequate reserves required; reevaluated at least every 3 years
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Nevada
NRS 116.31152
Reserve study every 5 years; annual review and funding-plan adjustment
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New Hampshire
RSA 356-B:40-c (Condominium Act)
Annual reserve budget disclosure required; no mandated study cycle
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New Jersey
P.L. 2023, c.214 (as amended by P.L. 2025, c.132)
30-year capital reserve study for planned real estate developments, updated at least every 5 years; structural inspections separately required for covered buildings
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Ohio
Ohio Rev. Code §§ 5311.081 (condos) / 5312.06 (planned communities)
Adequate reserves required in annual budget for condos and planned communities alike; no statutory study cycle; waivable annually by majority owner vote
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Oregon
ORS 100.175 / 94.595
Reserve account required; the board must determine reserve requirements annually by conducting or updating a reserve study
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Rhode Island
R.I. Gen. Laws § 34-36.1-3.02 (RI Condominium Act)
UCIOA-aligned; no mandated cycle — bylaw or lender driven
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Tennessee
TCA § 66-27-403(g)
Reserve study required every 5 years for condo associations (post-2009 condos) with common elements exceeding $10,000 replacement cost
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Utah
Utah § 57-8a-211
Reserve analysis every 6 years; review-and-update every 3 years
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Virginia
Va. § 55.1-1826 / § 55.1-1965
Reserve study required at least every 5 years; annual budget disclosure
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Washington
RCW 64.90.545 (WUCIOA)
Reserve study updated annually; at least every 3rd year by a reserve study professional with a visual site inspection
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West Virginia
WV Code § 36B-3-102 (UCIOA)
UCIOA-aligned; no mandated cycle — bylaw or lender driven
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Other states
Alaska
AS § 34.08.320
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; reserve budgets authorized but not mandated; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Arizona
A.R.S. §§ 33-1806 / 33-1260, as amended by HB 2397 (eff. 9/12/2026)
No mandated reserve study cycle; resale disclosure of reserve study (if any) required for communities of 50+ units
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Arkansas
No specific reserve study statute
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Georgia
No reserve-study statute; O.C.G.A. §§ 44-3-111, 44-3-80(d)
No statutory cycle; every 3-5 years in practice, driven by governing documents and lender review
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Idaho
No specific reserve study statute
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Iowa
No specific reserve study statute
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Kansas
No specific reserve study statute
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Louisiana
No specific reserve study statute
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Michigan
MCL § 559.205 / Mich. Admin. R. 559.511
Reserve fund required (minimum 10% of annual budget); no statutory reserve study cycle mandated
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Mississippi
No specific reserve study statute
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Missouri
No specific reserve study statute
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Montana
No specific reserve study statute
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Nebraska
No specific reserve study statute
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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New Mexico
No specific reserve study statute
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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New York
No specific reserve study statute
No statutory cycle; study frequency set by governing documents and lender requirements
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North Carolina
NCGS §§ 47C-3-114 / 47F-3-114
No state-mandated reserve study cycle; reserve authority is bylaw- and lender-driven
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North Dakota
N.D. Cent. Code Ch. 47-04.1 and § 47-10-02.3
No reserve study mandate; resale disclosure of reserve fund status required under § 47-10-02.3 for both HOA-governed homes and condominiums
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Oklahoma
No specific reserve study statute
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Pennsylvania
No specific reserve study statute
No statutory cycle; study frequency set by governing documents and lender requirements
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South Carolina
SC Code §§ 27-30-100 et seq. / 27-31-10 et seq.
No state-mandated reserve study cycle; reserve planning is bylaw- and lender-driven
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South Dakota
SDCL Ch. 43-15A
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Texas
No specific reserve study statute
No statutory cycle; study frequency set by governing documents and lender requirements
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Vermont
27A V.S.A. § 3-102
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; reserve budgets authorized but not mandated; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Wisconsin
Wis. Stat. § 703.163
Statutory reserve account required for condominiums created on or after November 1, 2004 (small condominiums exempt unless they elect in); no mandated reserve study cycle
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Wyoming
Wyo. Stat. Title 34, Ch. 20
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Other states (NRSS standard)
NRSS — National Reserve Study Standards
NRSS-standard 3-5 year cycle; driven by bylaws and lender requirements
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Every 3 years
Every 5–6 years
Decennial · Bylaw-driven
NRSS standard
Built-in state compliance, switchable in one click.
ReserveDeck ships with 15 state-specific compliance modules plus the NRSS standard. Change the Compliance Jurisdiction on the Property Info form and the PDF builder produces the right format — Davis-Stirling §5570 for California, F.S. § 718.112(2)(g) for Florida SIRS, and so on. Engine math is identical across jurisdictions.